Serious Mathematics Games Bolster Self-Concept and Self-Efficacy in Women Learners

By TARMath Published April 14, 2017 Mathematical Self-Beliefs, Serious Games, Studies & Special Research

Dissertation for Doctor of Education Defended

April 14, 2017 @ Northcentral University, online

Abstract

The possible benefits of digital mathematics games for adult women’s self-beliefs were the focus of this study. Female adult learners face many challenges in education, and successful completion of mathematics courses continues to be one of these challenges. While there are many reasons for these challenges, two critical challenges are learners’ mathematics self-concept and mathematics self-efficacy. The specific problem was the unknown effectiveness of digital games to improve women learners’ self-concept and self-efficacy. The purpose of this quantitative quasi-experimental study, using a pretest – posttest design, with a treatment group and a control group, was to determine if playing digital mathematics games for 30 minutes in a single sitting would improve female adult learners’ self-concept and self-efficacy more than those who played non-mathematics digital games. A selective stratified sample was used. The participants were 68 women volunteer undergraduate students, enrolled in a general education composition course at an accredited university teaching courses online where the researcher teaches. The Math Confidence Scale was used to measure the mathematical self-concept for both the pretest and posttest. A Mann-Whitney U test was used to test the null hypotheses for between group differences. With the test statistic UT = 505 and critical value U = 410.0838, there was no statistically significant difference between the treatment and control groups. The Mathematics Self-Efficacy Scale was used to measure the mathematical self-efficacy for both the pretest and posttest. A Mann-Whitney U test was used to test the null hypotheses for between group differences. With the test statistic UT = 555 and critical value U = 404.2139, there was no statistically significant difference between the treatment and control groups. However, the Wilcoxon signed-rank test tested changes from the pretest to the posttest for the treatment group, which did show a statistically significant difference for both self-beliefs. The mathematical self-confident test statistic was 138 and critical value = 200. The mathematical self-efficacy test statistic was 210 and critical value = 213. Playing mathematical digital games improved the participants’ mathematical self-beliefs, however, there was no conclusive evidence that this increase was from playing mathematical games or games in general. Additional research in a more controlled environment and games matching participants’ specific mathematical understanding would improve understanding of this topic.

Outline

Chapter 1: Introduction
Chapter 2: Literature Review
- How Adults Use Mathematics
- Mathematical Self-Concept
- Mathematical Self-Efficacy
- Gender Differences in Mathematics
- Serious Games
- Serious Mathematics Games for Adults
- Serious Mathematics games and Self-Beliefs
Chapter 3: Research Method
Chapter 4: Findings
Chapter 5: Implications, Recommendations, and Conclusions
References
Appendix A: Informed Consent
Appendix B: Survey Questions
Appendix C: Recruitment Letter 1
Appendix D: Recruitment Letter 2
Appendix E: Demographic Questions
Appendix F: Digital Games List
Appendix G: Site Approval Letter 1
Appendix H: Site Approval Letter 2
Appendix I: Selected Sample Responses

Additional Resources

Digital Mathematics games for study group (all need Flash)

Title	General Information	Description	Link
Algebra Meltdown	Linear Equations and Number Machines	Young Adult game where you are the scientist putting the correct atoms in the reactor.	https://www.mangahigh.com/en-us/games/algebrameltdown
Fruit Splat Mixed Integer	Add, Subtract & Multiply	Children’s game with several levels and timed or relaxed mode. Select the fruit that answers the arithmetic problem.	http://www.sheppardsoftware.com/mathgames/fruitshoot/FS_Mixed_Integers.htm
Math at the Mall	Working with Money	Young Adult game solving application problems at a mall, use arrow keys and make sure you walk to the end of the walkway, do not try to go in the ‘door’.	http://www.mathplayground.com/mathatthemall1.html
Math Man Multiplication	Pac-Man type Multiplication	Use arrow keys to play this just like Pac-Man, but he can only eat the ghosts that solve the arithmetic problem.	http://www.softschools.com/math/games/fun/math_man/multiplication/
Melvin’s Make a Match	Fractions	From PBS Kids, children’s game, match the fractions on the potion bottles	http://pbskids.org/cyberchase/math-games/melvins-make-match/
Party Designer	Area, perimeter	K-12 game, where you plan the layout for a party.	http://www.mathplayground.com/PartyDesigner/PartyDesigner.html
PEMDAS Blaster	Use Order of Operations to get the robots	Young Adult game solve the arithmetic problems to shoot the bad robots and reload your weapon.	https://www.mangahigh.com/en-us/games/bidmasblaster
Transtar	Reflections, Rotations, Dilations and Translations	Young Adult game using geometric moves to make a star portal.	https://www.mangahigh.com/en-us/games/transtar

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